Organic farming is a form of agriculture that excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, plant growth regulators, livestock feed additives, and genetically modified organisms. Organic farming is one of the several approaches found to meet the objectives of sustainable agriculture. Integrated farming systems, with some application of pesticides and inorganic. It relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost, manure, green manure, and bone meal and. Curriculumlinked lesson ideas and accompanying activity sheets see righthand column, written for primary and middle years students, on the topic of organic farming, food and products.
Organic farming is the method of crop and livestock production that involves much more than choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, antibiotics and growth hormones. Policy, rules, organic certifications, support and criteria for organic farming. Organic farming helps to prevent environmental degradation. Crop yield gap and stability in organic and conventional farming. The usda defines organic agriculture as a production system that is managed to respond to sitespecific conditions by integrating cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. Moreover, teaching organic farming and gardening has evolved dramatically over the last several decades.
It is a unique crop production and management system which promotes and enhances agroecosystem health. The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance. Coexistence, as defined in a report of the usda advisory committee on biotechnology and 21st century agriculture ac21, is the concurrent cultivation of conventional, organic, identity preserved ip, and genetically engineered crops consistent with underlying consumer preferences and farmer choices. Definition of organic farming organic farming is a method of crop and livestock production that involves much more than choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, antibiotics and growth hormones. Sustainable development for agriculture and environment. Organic farming is defined as production of crop, animal, and other products without the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides, transgenic species, or antibiotics and growthenhancing steroids, or other chemicals.
As per the definition of the united states department of agriculture usda study team on organic farming organic farming is a system which avoids or largely excludes the use of synthetic inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, hormones, feed additives etc and to the maximum extent feasible rely upon crop rotations, crop residues, animal. Decide which is best for you, considering nutrition, quality, taste, cost and other factors. Organic agriculture continues to be developed by various organic agriculture organizations today. Organic farming and the sustainability of agricultural systems. Within this program there are national, regional, or state wide independent, privately operated agencies, which define the acceptable. Mulching means covering the ground with a layer of loose material such as compost, manure, straw, dry grass, leaves or crop residues. This type of farming is not new to indian farming community. Displayed by permission of the regents of the university of california. Pdf sustainable development for agriculture and environment. The theoretical framework for the study was developed based on the theory of planned behavior. Organic sometimes called ecological agriculture can be defined as. Organic agriculture and food security in developing countries 23 the synergistic benefits of organic farming 24 organic agriculture and productivity 25 organic agriculture as a means to increase farm and rural incomes 28 organic agriculture sustainability put into practice 30 organic agriculture and food security table of contents.
The word organic refers to the way farmers grow and process agricultural products. Organic farming is a system which avoids the use of synthetic inputs and to the maximum extends, depends on crop rotations, crop residues, animal manures, offfarm organic input. The ecological benefits of organic farming are counterbalanced by higher food costs and generally lower yields. That means synthetic pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers.
Organic farming definition and meaning collins english. The legal definition or organic certification the organic food production act of 1990 established a national program and guidelines for the production of certified organic crops or products. However, organic farming and sustainable farming, policy and ethicswise are two different terms. With more people interesting in healthy food, organic farming, organic products seem to be the top 1 for life needs. In contrast to the very early efforts at organic farming and gardening, a substantial body of agroecological research informs todays organic practices. The farmers of these two countries are farmers of 40 centuries and it is organic farming that sustained them. Non organic learn the difference between organic foods and their traditionally grown counterparts. Biodiversity and organic farming food and agriculture. Organic farming, agricultural system that uses ecologically based pest controls and biological fertilizers derived largely from animal wastes and nitrogenfixing cover crops.
September is australian organic awareness month and this is a great time to incorporate these lesson ideas into your classroom program. Organic farming definition of organic farming by the. The main principle of organic farming is the avoidance of artificial pesticides and fertilisers. Usda national organic program agricultural marketing service september 2015 the usda organic regulations describe organic agriculture as the application of a set of cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that support the cycling of on farm resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. Organic farming relies on natural principles like biodiversity and composting instead to produce. Organics at a glance at a glance information on the aims of eu organic policy, the organic logo and legislation on organic production, distribution and marketing.
If a complete copy is needed, we encourage you to purchase a copy as described below. The yield gap between organic and conventional farming diminished. Regarding the energy consumption, the system is run on high inputs energy input 14. Nature is the best role model for farming, since it does not use any inputs nor. The gini coefficient is defined as a ratio of the area on the lorenz curve dia.
Organic farming works in peace and friendship with nature rather than going against nature and this organic farming involves the use of distinct methods to achieve the best yields of a crop. Organic farming is an alternative agricultural system which originated early in the 20th century in reaction to rapidly changing farming practices. How organic agriculture increases biodiversity greentumble. Green vegetation is not normally used as it can take a long time to decompose and can attract pests and fungal diseases. Organic farming currently accounts for about 1% of agricultural land worldwide. The usda organic regulations describe organic agriculture as the application of. Organic farming page 9 hdra the organic organisation. Organic farming pdf organic farming in india,advantages.
Organic farming systems the biodynamic farming is an approach, based on esoteric teachings of rudolf steiner, the japanese farmer and writer masanobu fukucka invested a notill system for smallscale grain production that he called natural farming. This process, referred to as rulemaking, involves input from the national organic standards board a federal advisory committee made up of fifteen members of the public and the public. Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. Organic farming an overview national centre of organic. There are several definitions of organic farming and the one given by the us department of agriculture usda is considered the most coherent and. Organic production organic production organic production is a system that integrates cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. Certified organic agriculture accounts for 70 million hectares globally, with over half of that total in australia. Organic regulations agricultural marketing service. The difference between organic farming and inorganic farming is not. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects.
This process involves the use of biological materials, avoiding synthetic substances to maintain soil fertility and ecological balance thereby minimizing pollution and wastage. A modern definition of organic farming provided by lampkin 1994, an authoritative source, states that the aim is. Organic farming practices for improving soil health. Thus this manual for training in organic farming provides material for knowhow of organic farming from the. Home food and agriculture organization of the united nations. Study on attitudes and perceptions of organic and non. Introduction to organic practices agricultural marketing service. Their argument was that inorganic mineral fertilisers could replace manures and bring. The complete book on organic farming and production of. Organic agriculture is a production system that avoids or largely excludes. Organic farming is often associated directly with, sustainable farming.
The oaic cete organic farming practices for improving soil health 3 multiple research studies have shown that organic soils tend to score higher when it comes. The conventional farm is a simplestructured cash crop system, based on mineral n n input 145 kg ha. Organic farming continues to be developed by various organizations today. Organic farming is one of the widely used methods, which is thought of as the best alternative to avoid the ill effects of chemical farming.
This concept of organic farming is based on following principles. In this, the good yield of the crop is produced by harming the health of the people who live and work in those farms and also it does not harm the natural environment. French intensive and bio intensive methods are both small scale gardening techniques. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure youre on a. How organic agriculture increases biodiversity sara popescu slavikova sustainable farming november 24, 2016 organic farms have a higher diversity of plants, insects and animals, according to multiple scientific studies. Organic farming an overview organic farming advent of organic farming concept of organic farming definitions the world of organic agriculture standards and regulation global view organic agriculture in india organic farming organic farming is a holistic production. Similarly, dramatic expansion in commercial applications of. Introduction organic agriculture is a production method that allow to apply low environmental impact techniques, since it does not employ chemical products that could affect both the final product and the environment. Lessons and activity sheets organic farming, food and. Organic farming is a technique, which involves cultivation of plants and rearing of animals in natural ways. It focuses on sustainability and is thought to have less detrimental effects on the environment than conventional. Organic farming definition principles relevance to modern agriculture and components of organic farming integrated nutrient management 11. Mohler and sue ellen johnson, editors published by nraes, july 2009 you can print copies of the pdf pages for personal use.
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